Fm chord on guitar
Fm (F minor) is a minor chord built on F. It has 3 notes, F, A♭ and C, and its formula is 1 ♭3 5.
Notes and intervals of Fm
From the root upwards, Fm contains root (F), minor 3rd (A♭) and perfect 5th (C). Those intervals give the chord its colour: the formula 1 ♭3 5 works the same way in every key, so once you know it for F you can build the chord on any note.
| Degree | Interval | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | root | F |
| ♭3 | minor 3rd | A♭ |
| 5 | perfect 5th | C |
How to play Fm on guitar
The first shape above reads 1 3 3 1 1 1 from the low E string to the high E string (x means you do not play that string, 0 is an open string). The lowest note you play is F. The other diagrams show the same chord higher up the neck: pick the one closest to the chords before and after it in your song.
This is a barre or movable shape: keep your index finger straight and close to the fret, and press with the side of the finger rather than the flat pad.
Which keys use Fm?
You find Fm as a diatonic chord in A flat major (vi), E flat major (ii) and D flat major (iii). The most common case is A flat major, where it plays the role of vi.
Scales to play over Fm
To improvise over Fm, start with F natural minor scale. All of these scales contain every note of the chord: F natural minor scale, F harmonic minor scale, F melodic minor scale, F minor pentatonic scale, F blues scale, F Dorian mode and F Phrygian mode. Aim for the chord notes on strong beats and use the other notes to move between them.
About minor chords
The minor chord swaps the major third for a minor third: 1 ♭3 5. That single semitone makes the sound darker, softer and more inward. Minor does not have to mean sad: in funk, Latin music or rock it can sound tough or cool, and it can end a piece just as convincingly as a major chord.
It is the tonic of minor keys (i) and appears on ii, iii and vi in major keys. Typical moves: i iv V (the major V borrowed from harmonic minor), i ♭VI ♭VII, and vi IV I V. Every major chord has a relative minor a minor third below that shares two of its notes.
Start with the open shapes Em, Am and Dm. The movable shapes grow out of them: the E-shape minor barre (root on the 6th string) and the A-shape minor barre (root on the 5th string). Compared with the major barre, only the third moves, one fret lower, so switching between major and minor is quick once your barre is solid.
Reading the symbol wrong is common: 'm' or '-' means minor, while 'M' or 'maj' means major, so Am and AM are different chords. On guitar, the minor third often lies on a string that is easy to mute in a barre. And m is not m7: the 7 adds a fourth note, the minor seventh.
Frequently asked questions
What notes are in the Fm chord?
Fm (F minor) contains F, A♭ and C. In intervals: root (F), minor 3rd (A♭) and perfect 5th (C).
How do you play Fm on guitar?
The easiest shape is 1 3 3 1 1 1, from the low E string to the high E string. This page shows 3 positions with finger numbers.
What scale goes with Fm?
F natural minor scale fits Fm best. Other scales that contain all its notes: F harmonic minor scale, F melodic minor scale, F minor pentatonic scale, F blues scale, F Dorian mode and F Phrygian mode.
What key is Fm in?
Fm belongs to A flat major (vi), E flat major (ii) and D flat major (iii). In A flat major it is the vi chord.
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